Thomas Bayes

Rev. Thomas Bayes (1702–1761)

18th century Presbyterian minister

Bayes’ Theorem

1719, he enrolled at the University of Edinburgh to study logic and theology.

bayes never published his theory during his life;

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Bayes#cite_note-5

and the branch of statistics was not named bayesian until the 1950s

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Essay_towards_solving_a_Problem_in_the_Doctrine_of_Chances

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An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances is a work on the mathematical theory of probability by the Reverend Thomas Bayes, published in 1763,[1] two years after its author's death. It included a statement of a special case of what is now called Bayes' theorem. In 18th-century English, the phrase "doctrine of chances" meant the theory of probability. It had been introduced as the title of a book by Abraham de Moivre.