Martingale

Martingale is named for a

wikipedia identify a martingale property


 * martingale property: martingale is a model of a fair game where no knowledge of past events can help to predict future winnings.

Taleb
"Taleb distribution is a term coined by U.K. economists/journalists Martin Wolf and John Kay to describe a returns profile that appears at times deceptively low-risk with steady returns, but experiences periodically catastrophic drawdowns" wikipedia

= origins =

.As far as the origin of the word (and not the concept) is concerned, the first citation is found in the thesis of J. Ville6 [Note that the word was in- troduced in chapter IV, third paragraph, in the expression “game system or martingale” but that starting in the following chapter, J. Ville totally aban- dons the expression “game system” and keeps only “martingale”]. He makes clear elsewhere [37] that this name is borrowed directly from the vocabulary of gamblers. In fact, at the time it was not unusual for gamblers claiming to have a sure winning strategy to speak to probabilists; J. Ville himself met a certain Mr. Parcot, who analyzed roulette results to obtain his allegedly winning strategy or martingale. The word was thus familiar to probabilists and was naturally transferred to the mathematical concept of which the first examples came from games.

^ Mansuy, Roger (June 2009). "The origins of the Word "Martingale"". Electronic Journal for History of Probability and Statistics 5 (1). Retrieved 10-22-2011.